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小 發表於 2009-2-15 22:05 只看該作者
| A good note taker use telegraphic (電報的) language like symbols and abbreviation. We can use standard abbreviations and symbols, we can also make up (編製) our own consistent (一致) system (e.g . community → comm.). |
| Symbols | Original Words | Symbols | Original Words | | ± | allowable deviation 許可差 | + | and, plus, in addition to | | @ | at; each | Δ | delta, change | | & | and 及/與 | $ | dollars, money | | > | greater/more than/ better than 大於 | < | less than/ smaller 小於 | | = | equal to, the same as | ≠ | not equal 不等於 | | # | number | ≒ or ~ | approximate 約等於 | | ↑ | is not the same as | → | lead to/ produce/ cause/ result in | | ∵ | because | ∴ | therefore | | ♀ | woman/ female | ♂ | man/ male | | % | % | 。 | degree 度 | | ' | minute/ feet 分/英尺 | " | second/ inch 秒/英吋 |
| 2. Use abbreviations (Short Form Wording) |
Besides symbols, one way to write quickly is to use shortened forms of long words as well as abbreviations. It is not necessary to know standard abbreviations. You may use your own as long as you can write them quickly and read them back later. The following are some of commonly used abbreviations. |
| Abbreviations | Original Words | Abbreviations | Original Words | | °C | Centigrade degree 攝氏度 | °F | Fahrenheit degree 華氏度 | | 1 gm | one gram | 20th C | twentieth century 世紀 | | 2nd | second 第二 | 80 % | eighty percent | | A | absolute temperature 絕對溫度 | a (*) | absorption coefficient 吸收系數 | | a (*) | are 公畝 | A or ac | acre 英畝 | | AA | affirmative action 平權措施 (或行動) | AAMOF | as a matter of fact 事實上 | | abbr. | abbreviation 縮寫 | abil(s). | ability (abilities) 能力 | | AC | air conditioning | acad. | academy, academic 學術 | | acc | acceleration 加速 | addl. | additional 補充的；附加的 | | admin | administrator, administration, administrative 管理員/行政管理 | AE | auto exposure | | AF | auto focus | ag or vs | against | | agric. | agriculture, agricultural 農業 | agron. | agronomy, agronomic 農業經濟學 | | aka | also known as | Amer. | American | | amp | amplifier 放大器；擴音機 | anim. | animal | | apicult. | apiculture, apicultural (大規模的) 養蜂 | appl. | applied | | applic. | applicable, application | approx | approximately 大概；近乎 | | appt. | appointment 會面約定 | apt. | apartment | | assoc. | associate, association | asst(s). | assistant(s) | | atmos press | atmospheric pressure 大氣壓力 | aux. or AUX | auxiliary, 輔助的；助動詞 | | avail. | available | ave. | average (平均), avenue | | b / bbl | barrel 桶 | behav. | behavior, behavioral | | bio | biology 生物 | biochem. | biochemistry, biochemical 生化 | | biocontrol | biological control | biopic | biographical picture 傳記片 | | bkgrd | background | bldg. | building | | botan. | botany, botanical | BR | bedroom | | btw(n) | between | bu | bushel 浦式耳，約等於 36.37 升或 35.24 升 | | c | concentration 濃度 | C (*) | current 電流 | | C-C | center to center 中心到中心 | car, ct, K | carat, karat 克拉 | | cat. | catalogue, 目錄 | cat. | catalyst, 催化劑 | | cc | cubic centimeter 立方公分 | cd | could | | cert. | certificate 証書 | cf. | compare | | ch./chs. | chapter/ chapters | chem act | chemically active 化學活性 | | chem. | chemistry, chemical | cm | centimeter 公分 | | cm2 | square centimeter 平方公分 | cm3 | cubic centimeter 立方公分 | | combo | combination 組合 | commun. | community | | comp | computer | compar. | comparative | | conc. | concentration 濃度 | condo | condominium 公寓 | | consult. | consultant, consulting | cont. | continued 繼續 | | coop. | cooperate, cooperative | coordin. | coordinate, coordination | | corp. | corporation | ctr. | center, centre | | cult. | culture, cultural | CW | continue wave 等幅波 | | CW (*) | call waiting 插播；呼叫等待 | D or dia | diameter 直徑 | | d.p. | difference of potential 電位差 | def. | definitely 絕對；一定 | | demo(s). | demonstration(s) | dept. | department(al) | | Det. (= detective) | 偵探 | dev. | development(al) | | devt | development | digicam | digital camera 數位相機 | | dip. | diploma 文憑 | dir | directory | | div. | division | dl | deciliter (=1/10lit) 分升 | | doc(s) | document(s) | doc(s). | document(s) | | doct. | doctoral, doctorate | dr. | drive (in street address) | | e.g. | for example | econ. | economic(s), economical | | edn | edition | edu./ educ. | education | | environ. | environment(al) | esp. | especially 尤其 | | est. | estimate; estate; established 估計；房地產；建立的 | et al. | and others 等人 | | etc. | and so on 等等 | Eur. | Europe, European | | evol. | evolution, evolutionary | exe | execution 執行 | | EXP | exposure | exp | explosive | | exp. = expire | 到期；(期限)終止 | exper. | experience | | experim. | experiment(al) | expo | exposition 展覽會 | | ext. | extension | facil. | facility | | facul. | faculty | FAQ | frequently asked questions 常問的問題 | | fdn. | foundation | FT | full time | | Ft. | Fort | ft. (*) | foot 英尺；腳 | | FYI | for your information 供你參考的資訊 | G | gravity 重力 | | g or gm | gram 公克 | g. , gr. | 1/7000 lb 碼磅度量衡制中的最小單位 | | gal | gallon 加侖 | Gen. or gen. | general | | genet. | genetic(s) | geogr. | geography, geographical | | GHz | gigahertz 十億赫茲；千兆赫 | Govt | Government | | grad. | = graduate 畢業生；研究生 | H | height 高度 | | h/w | hardware 硬體 | ha | hectare 公頃 | | hi-fi | high fidelity 高傳真度；高逼真 | hi-res | high-resolution 高解析度 | | hi-tech | high technology 高科技 | hist. | history | | HQ | headquarters 總部 | hr. | hour | | hwy. | highway | i.e. | in other words, that is, that means 即；也就是 | | ibid. | 出處同上；同前所述 | immed. | immediate(ly) | | imp(t) | important | improv. | improvement | | in | inch | inc. | incorporated | | incl. | include(s), including | ind. | individual | | infect. | infection(s), infectious | info | information | | inst. | institute, institutional | insur. | insurance | | int. | intermediate 中級；中間 | IOW | in other words 換句話說 | | Kb | kilobyte 千位元組 | kg | kilogram 公斤 | | kgp/cm2 | kilogram per centimeter square 公斤每平方公分 | kgp/m | kilogram per meter 公斤每公尺 | | km | kilometer 公里 | KN | kilonewton 千牛頓 | | kph | kilometers per hour 每小時公里數 | kt | kiloton 千公噸 | | l | liter 公升 | L (*) | length 長度 | | l. tn | long ton 長噸 | lab | laboratory | | lb | pound 磅 | lit. | literature 文學 | | lo-res | low resolution 低解析度 | Lt. or lt. = lieutenant | 警察局副隊長；陸軍中或少尉 | | ltr(s). | letter(s) | m | meter 公尺 | | m2 | square meter 平方公尺 | m3 | cubic meter 立方公尺 | | maj. | majority | mall & duct | malleable and ductile | | math. | mathematics | max. | maximum 最大值 | | Mb (or MB ) | megabyte 百萬位元組 | mech. | mechanical | | med. | medicine, medical | met | metropolitan 大都會的 | | mg | milligram 公克 | mgmt. | management | | microscop. | microscopy, microsopic | min | minute | | min. | minimum 最小值 | misc | miscellaneous 其他 | | mix w/H20 | mix with water | ml | milliliter 毫升 | | mm | millimeter 公厘 | mm2 | square millimeter 平方公厘 | | mo(s). | month(s) | mod | moderator (版主), modern | | molec. | molecule, molecular分子 | Mon. | Monday | | mph | mile per hour 每小時英里數 | mt | megaton 兆噸；百萬噸 | | munic. | municipal | n.d. | no date 日期不詳 | | natl. | natl. | NB | notebook | | no(s). | number(s) | numer. | numerical | | nutrit. | nutritional | obj(s). | object(s), objective(s) | | observ. | observation, observatory | occup. | occupation(al) | | op amp | operational amplifier 運算放大器 | op. cit. (Latin) | in the work already quoted 在引用文中 | | org. | organization 組織；機構 | orig. | original | | oz | ounce 盎斯 | p./ pp. | page/ pages | | Pac. | Pacific | para. | paragraph 段落 | | pcs | pieces 件；塊 | peri. = peripheral | 週邊設備 | | philos. | philosophy | photogr. | photography, photographic | | phys. | physical | pics | pictures 照片 | | popul. | population | pos. | position | | postdoc. | postdoctoral, postdoctorate | pp. | pages | | pref(s). | preference(s) | pref. | prefer(red), preferably | | prev. | previous(ly) | pro. (a.) & (n.) | professional 專業的；專家；達人 | | prof. | profession(al) | Prof. (*) | professor 教授 | | prog. | program | proj. | project | | psy | psychology | PT | part time | | pub(s). | publication(s) | qty. = QTY | quantity 量；數量 | | qualif(s). | qualification(s) | quantit. | quantitative | | r | radius 半徑 | ref no | reference number 序號 | | ref(s). | reference(s) | reg | register, registration 登記；註冊 | | rel | relation | rep | representative 代表 | | req. | required, requirement | res. | research | | rm. | room | s | scale/slope 比例/斜率 | | s.g. | standard gauge 標準量規 | s/w | software 軟體 | | sal. | salary | sci knowl | scientific knowledge | | sci. | science, scientific | sec. | section, second | | SG | specific gravity 比重 | Sgt. = sergeant | 陸/空軍中士；海軍陸戰隊中士 | | sim. | simulation 模擬 | SL. | scalar 標量 | | sn | short ton 短噸 | soc. | society | | spec | specification 規格 | sr. | senior | | srv, svc. | service | st. | saint, street | | sta. | station | stats. | statistics (統計數字；統計學), statistical | | STD (std.) | standard 標準 | stmt(s). | statement(s) | | sub | substitute 代替 | surv. | survey | | sync. | synchronous 同時，一致 | syst. | system(s) | | systemat. | systematics | t | thickness 厚度 | | T (*) | temperature 溫度 | t (*) | ton 公噸 | | TBA | to be announced 另行宣布 | TBA (*) | to be arranged 另行安排 | | TBD | to be declared 待宣布 | tbd (*) | to be determined 待決定 | | tech. | technical | temp | temperature 溫度 | | temp (*) | temporary 暫時 ( 暫時存放區) | theo | theology | | thru | through 直至 | TIF | Temporary Internet Files 暫時網路檔 | | TWT | traveling-wave tube 行波管 | U.S. | America, United States | | undergrad | undergraduate 大學生 | univ. | university | | V | volt 伏特；voltage 電壓 | V (*) | volume 體積；容積；容量；音量 | | V or v | velocity 速度 | V.A. | volt-ampere 伏特安培 | | v.v. | vice versa 反之亦然 | veg. | vegetable | | vet. | veterinary, veterinarian | vs. | versus 對... | | W | watt 瓦特；weight 重量；width 寬度；wolfram 鎢；work 功 | w.d. | wiring diagram 導電線路圖 | | W.I. | wrought iron 熟鐵 | w/ | with | | W/D | washer and dryer | w/o | without | | wd | would | wd. | wood 木材 | | wdg | winding 線組 | WH | watthour 瓦特小時 | | Wi-Fi | wireless fidelity 高傳真無線網路技術 | wk | week | | WL | wave length 波長 | yr | year | | Note: The mark (*) after the abbreviation means that the abbreviation is duplicate. |
Source: http://eapesp.dee.nuu.edu.tw/reading/analysis/note/note.php
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